China plans to invest 18.7 billion yuan (about US$2.46 billion) in
the next eight years to try to roll back desertification in
northwest China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, the regional
government announced Tuesday.
The investment is earmarked to prevent the further expansion of
the Gurbantunggut Desert in the Junggar Basin of northern Xinjiang,
and the expansion of the Taklimakan Desert in the Tarim Basin in
the south of the region.
The money will be spent building forest belts around cities and
oasis areas, upgrading irrigation facilities, setting up monitoring
stations and training professional staff, said Ismail Tiliwaldi,
chairman of the region.
The central government will cover 80 percent of the total
investment, and the remaining 20 percent will be financed by the
regional government, he said, adding that the aim is to cut the
desert area by 7.6 million hectares by 2015.
Xinjiang is among Chinese regions most affected by
desertification. Statistics from the regional government show 75
million hectares of the region's land, or 45 percent of its total,
is desert. At least 12 million people suffer the consequences,
ranging from drinking water shortages to cropland infertility.
Before the 1980s, residents of Qira county on the southern edge
of Junggar Basin had to relocate three times to avoid being
devoured by sand.
"The desert is expanding less rapidly now. We have managed to
reduce the speed of expansion from 38,400 hectares a year to 10,400
hectares a year, but the situation is still very severe," Tiliwaldi
said.
Earlier reports say excessive herding and farming has worsened
soil erosion and desertification in the region. An official with
the regional water resources administration said irrational human
activities have undermined the government's soil conservation
efforts.
Zhang Funian, an engineer in the region's rural resources work
station, said residents in Hotan County near the Taklimakan Desert
are still using wood as fuel, because they cannot afford coal.
Every family cuts 500 kilograms of wood every year.
Since 2003, the county has invested about 200 million yuan
(about US$26 million) to install methane gas facilities to prevent
people from cutting down any more trees.
Local residents are also being encouraged to plant trees that
resist desertification, such as poplars, desert dates and sea
buckthorns, Zhang said.
Xinjiang has worked with countries including Japan and the
Republic of Korea to fight desertification.
In 2006, China and South Korea co-invested US$1.8 million to
build a shelter forest in the Gobi Desert off Aydingkol Lake in the
Turpan Basin.
Statistics from the State Forestry Administration show China has
174 million square kilometers of desert, accounting for 18.1
percent of the country's territory.
(Xinhua News Agency July 11, 2007)
