消除貧困是社會(huì)主義本質(zhì)要求

在2014年10月國(guó)務(wù)院召開的全國(guó)社會(huì)扶貧工作電視電話會(huì)議上，習(xí)近平指出，消除貧困，改善民生，逐步實(shí)現(xiàn)全體人民共同富裕，是社會(huì)主義的本質(zhì)要求。2017年10月18日，習(xí)近平在中共十九大報(bào)告中指出，必須堅(jiān)定不移把發(fā)展作為黨執(zhí)政興國(guó)的第一要?jiǎng)?wù)，堅(jiān)持解放和發(fā)展社會(huì)生產(chǎn)力，堅(jiān)持社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)改革方向，推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)健康發(fā)展。

以鄧小平同志為核心的中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨第二代中央領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體探索并初步回答了"什么是社會(huì)主義、怎樣建設(shè)社會(huì)主義"的問題。1992年初，鄧小平在南方談話中提出，"社會(huì)主義的本質(zhì)，是解放生產(chǎn)力，發(fā)展生產(chǎn)力，消滅剝削，消除兩極分化，最終達(dá)到共同富裕"。

社會(huì)主義本質(zhì)論對(duì)實(shí)踐具有重大的指導(dǎo)意義：（1）繼承了科學(xué)社會(huì)主義的基本原則，是探索建設(shè)中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義道路的最重大理論成果之一，是對(duì)馬克思主義的重大發(fā)展。（2）為我們既堅(jiān)持公有制又完善和發(fā)展公有制指明了方向。（3）突破了把計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)等一些原本不屬于社會(huì)主義固有的東西當(dāng)作社會(huì)主義本質(zhì)特征的傳統(tǒng)觀念。（4）反映了人民的利益和時(shí)代的要求，澄清了不合乎時(shí)代進(jìn)步和社會(huì)發(fā)展規(guī)律的模糊觀念，擺脫了長(zhǎng)期以來拘泥于具體模式而忽視社會(huì)主義本質(zhì)的錯(cuò)誤傾向，深化了對(duì)社會(huì)主義本質(zhì)的認(rèn)識(shí)。其內(nèi)在要求是各級(jí)黨政領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部和廣大人民群眾樹立科學(xué)的公平觀和正義觀，根本要求是解放和發(fā)展生產(chǎn)力。

Eliminating Poverty: a Fundamental Task for Socialism

Speaking to a national teleconference on poverty alleviation in October 2014, Xi Jinping said that eliminating poverty, improving living standards, and achieving common prosperity among all Chinese people is a fundamental task for socialism. In his report to the 19th CPC National Congress, he vowed to continue to pursue development as the Party's top priority in governance, unleash and develop the country's productive forces, continue reform to develop the socialist market economy, and promote sustained and sound economic growth.

The CPC's second generation of collective leadership with Deng Xiaoping at its core asked itself what socialism is and how to build socialism. During his tour to southern China in early 1992, Deng said, "The essence of socialism is liberation and development of the productive forces, elimination of exploitation and polarization, and the ultimate achievement of prosperity for all."

This vision guides China in four ways: 

(1)It inherits the basic tenets of scientific socialism, and represents important theoretical progress in building Chinese socialism and a major development of Marxism; 

(2)It charts the course for China in upholding and developing public ownership; 

(3)It shatters the previous belief that mistakenly considered the planned economy as an inherent component of socialism; and

(4)It represents the people's interests and the requirement of the times, clarifies ambiguous thoughts that do not conform to the advance of the times and social development, abandons the long-existing erroneous tendency toward overemphasizing the stereotyped models and neglecting the nature of socialism, and improves people's perception of the nature of socialism. 

It thereby guides Party and government officials and the general public with a correct view of equity and justice, and encourages the release and development of productive forces.