Changes to Size, Structure, and Force Composition
Changing the size, structure, and force composition of the military is a key step in building a modern military that serves China's needs. Adjustments to the existing organizational structure include developing new types of forces, rebalancing the services, and reducing the total number of personnel, with a focus on improving quality and effectiveness and a transition from a personnel-intensive force to a technology-intensive one.
These changes have resulted in a reduction of 300,000 personnel, bringing the total headcount to two million. The deployment of combat forces has been adjusted in response to new strategic imperatives for defending national security.
As a result of the organizational reconfiguration, the original 18 army groups have been consolidated into 13, each with an army-brigade-battalion structure. Further changes aim to make the force composition complete, combined, multi-functional and flexible.
Reform also covers military educational and research institutions, resulting in the consolidation of 77 colleges operated by the PLA and the PAP into 44, and the reorganization of the National Defense University (NDU) and the National University of Defense Technology (NUDT). Other changes include the establishment of a CMC Military Research Steering Committee and the reorganization of the Academy of Military Science (AMS) and research institutes of various services. The military research network has been strengthened, comprising the AMS as the lead, the research institutes of the services and arms as the main forces, and the research components in educational institutions and the troops as supplements.
軍隊規模結構和力量編成改革
規模結構和力量編成改革是推進軍隊組織形態現代化、構建中國特色現代軍事力量體系的關鍵一步。按照調整優化結構、發展新型力量、理順重大比例關系、壓減數量規模的要求，推動軍隊由數量規模型向質量效能型、人力密集型向科技密集型轉變。
調整軍隊規模比例，重塑力量結構布局。裁減軍隊員額30萬，現役總員額減至200萬。調整作戰力量部署，形成與維護新時代國家安全需要相適應的戰略布局。
調整作戰部隊編成，重構新型作戰力量。陸軍原18個集團軍整合重組為13個集團軍。在全軍主要作戰部隊實行“軍—旅—營”體制，推動部隊編成向充實、合成、多能、靈活方向發展。
優化院校力量布局，重構軍事科研體系。解放軍和武警部隊原有77所院校整合為44所，重塑國防大學、國防科技大學。成立軍委軍事科學研究指導委員會，調整組建新的軍事科學院、軍種研究院，形成以軍事科學院為龍頭、軍兵種科研機構為骨干、院校和部隊科研力量為輔助的軍事科研力量布局。
