Save Those in Danger and Help Those in Hardship

This concept originated in the Outlaws of the Marsh (Shui Hu). As a traditional virtue, the idea is reflected in many Chinese classics. For example, the Book of History, a pre-Qin classic, advised the ruler to avoid oppressing the helpless or neglecting the poor. In The Analects of Confucius, the sage declared that a gentleman helps the distressed instead of further enriching the rich. In his eponymous book, Mozi (c. 468-376 B.C.) advocated universal love. "Let him who has strength be alert to help others, let him who has wealth endeavor to share it with others, and let him who possesses the Dao (Way) teach others persuasively," he wrote. "In this way, the hungry will be fed, and the cold will be clothed.When tumult is brought to an end, sound governance will be secured." A more vivid expression of the idea is captured in the Chinese proverb, "Better send charcoal in snowy weather than add flowers to a brocade." The notion not only stresses a sense of responsibility but also expresses sympathy for those in distress. It gives the benefactor a sense of joy.

Influenced by this idea, the Chinese developed a spirit of unity and mutual assistance to navigate difficulties. In recent years, the Communist Party of China and the Chinese government have been promoting core socialist values in society to preserve and revive the traditional virtues of unity and mutual assistance as well as assistance to people in need, calling on people from all walks of life to get involved in the cause of poverty reduction and take concrete actions to help the impoverished. Relentless efforts resulted in China securing a complete victory in the fight against poverty and welcoming a moderately prosperous society in all respects by lifting nearly 100 million rural population out of poverty, eliminating overall regional poverty, and eradicating extreme poverty, which now serves as a shining example of how the Chinese practice this traditional virtue.

扶危濟(jì)困

扶危濟(jì)困出自《水滸全傳》，意為扶助面臨危難的人，救濟(jì)陷入困苦的人。扶危濟(jì)困是中華民族的傳統(tǒng)美德。先秦典籍《尚書(shū)》告誡執(zhí)政者，不要虐待那些鰥寡孤獨(dú)求告無(wú)門的人，不要拋棄困苦貧窮無(wú)所依靠的人。孔子提出，君子應(yīng)當(dāng)幫助有急需的人，而不是本來(lái)富有的人。墨子（約前468—前376之間）希望人們愛(ài)人如己（兼相愛(ài)），主張有力氣的人盡力幫助他人，有錢財(cái)?shù)娜伺Ψ纸o他人，有知識(shí)的人勉力教育他人，才能讓饑餓的人得到食物，寒冷的人得到衣服，從而結(jié)束混亂，實(shí)現(xiàn)善治。中國(guó)民間諺語(yǔ)中還有“與其錦上添花，不如雪中送炭”的形象說(shuō)法。扶危濟(jì)困不僅是一種外在的義務(wù)或責(zé)任，更是對(duì)他人困難感同身受的同情心。扶危濟(jì)困不僅能幫助他人渡過(guò)難關(guān)，還能給施助者帶來(lái)內(nèi)心愉悅。

基于扶危濟(jì)困的傳統(tǒng)美德，中國(guó)人培養(yǎng)形成面對(duì)困難時(shí)團(tuán)結(jié)互助的精神。近年來(lái)，中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨和中國(guó)政府推動(dòng)全社會(huì)踐行社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值觀，傳承中華民族守望相助、和衷共濟(jì)、扶貧濟(jì)困的傳統(tǒng)美德，引導(dǎo)社會(huì)各界關(guān)愛(ài)貧困群眾、關(guān)心減貧事業(yè)、投身脫貧行動(dòng)。經(jīng)過(guò)不懈努力，中國(guó)近1億農(nóng)村貧困人口全部脫貧，脫貧攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)取得了全面勝利，區(qū)域性整體貧困得到解決，完成了消除絕對(duì)貧困的艱巨任務(wù)，全面建成小康社會(huì)。這正是扶危濟(jì)困精神在當(dāng)代中國(guó)的生動(dòng)實(shí)踐。