Guangdong
Province in South China is planning to take even bolder steps
in reforms of household registration in the new year, with the aim
of scrapping a rural household registration system that is
preventing farmers from enjoying many rights and advantages enjoyed
by their urban peers.
"That means all the farmers in Guangdong will become 'urban'
residents in the years ahead," said Zheng Shaodong, deputy
director-general of the Guangdong Provincial Bureau of Public
Security.
Meanwhile, the province is also considering whether to introduce a
unified unemployment insurance system to both urban residents and
farmers, another official said Monday.
"The move would safeguard the employment rights and legal interests
of the province's many farmers who are now losing their farmland
because of rapid industrial and service sector development," said
the official, who declined to be identified.
Currently, farmers are not entitled to be registered as permanent
urban residents in accordance with regulations in cities and towns,
which were formulated decades ago.
That means farmers do not enjoy the same status as urban residents
in training, education and medical insurance programs.
And farmers now have no unemployment relief payments, like urban
residents, if they cannot find jobs in urban areas.
Zheng said his bureau will continue to conduct more surveys and
studies concerning further reforms of Guangdong's household
registration system next year.
"The household registration system reforms in Guangdong and even in
all of China are a big and comprehensive project that involves and
affects many Chinese families," Zheng said.
The cities and counties where conditions have been mature will be
allowed to first scrap all their agricultural household
registration systems, Zheng added.
The prosperous cities of Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Zhongshan,
Foshan, Dongguan, Jiangmen and Huizhou in the Pearl River Delta
will become pilot areas testing the elimination of agricultural
household registration in the near future.
Starting this year, Guangdong has scrapped quotas for farmers to
become urban residents.
Guangzhou, the provincial capital, has decided to annually admit
50,000 farmers to urban residency status beginning this year,
according to Guangzhou Vice-Mayor Su Zequan.
The Guangzhou municipal government has decided to annually invest
more than 15 million yuan (US$1.82 million) to construct city
satellite towns in its suburban areas to help speed up the
urbanization of the southern Chinese metropolis between 2005 and
2009.
Su made the plans known in remarks at a recent work conference on
agriculture, the countryside and farmers in Guangzhou.
Since 2001, a total of 138 villages have been built into urban
communities while 350,000 farmers have become urban residents in
Guangzhou, Su said.
To protect farmers' employment rights and other legal interests,
the Guangdong provincial government is planning to allow its
farmers who fail to find employment in urban areas to enjoy the
same social welfare that is provided to their urban
counterparts.
According to an official from the Guangdong Provincial Bureau of
Labour and Social Security, new regulations to ensure farmers have
equal employment rights and opportunities are now being
drafted.
(China Daily December 28, 2004)